Saturday, May 22, 2021

Bio of Luftwaffe Fighter Ace Adolf Glunz


Adolf “Addi” Glunz was born on 11 June 1916 at Bresegard in the Lugwiglust region of Mecklenburg. He joined the Luftwaffe on 1 September 1939. On completion of his flying training, he was posted to JG 52 on 9 November 1940. Gefreiter Glunz was assigned to 4./JG 52. He recorded his first victory, a RAF Spitfire fighter, on 7 May and claimed a second on 19 May. Glunz accompanied the unit when it transferred to Russia. He recorded three victories during his time on the Eastern front. He also claimed two tanks destroyed! Glunz returned to the Channel Front to serve with II./JG 26 and became one of the most successful fighter pilots over the Western Front. He was assigned to 4./JG 26, arriving there on 8 July 1941. He claimed his sixth victory, another RAF Spitfire, on 27 August. By the end of 1942 he had accumulated 23 victories. On 28 March, Glunz was scrambled from his base at Vitry to intercept six RAF Mosquito twin-engined bombers bombers headed toward Dunkirk at low level. He succeeded in shooting down two of the bombers within one minute to record his 28th and 29th victories. He recorded his 30th victory on 3 April. He shot down his first USAAF four-engined bomber on 5 April for his 32nd victory. On 29 August 1943, he became the only non-commissioned officer in JG 26 ever to receive the Ritterkreuz. Glunz claimed his 50th victory on 31 December. Oberfeldwebel Glunz was appointed Staffelkapitän of 5./JG 26 on 15 January 1944. On 22 February 1944, he achieved six victories in one day, including five four-engined bombers (54-59). He was commissioned with the rank of Leutnant in the first week of April 1944.

On 3 March 1944, Glunz was appointed Staffelkapitan of 6./JG 26, a position he held until 18 March 1945. Operating over the Invasion front, Glunz claimed three USAAF P-47 fighters shot down on 10 June (62-64). He was awarded the Eichenlaub (Nr 508) on 24 June 1944 after 65 victories. On 24 December, Glunz shot a further two USAAF P-47 fighters (69-70). He recorded his 71st, and last, victory, a RAF Spitfire fighter, on 1 January 1945. On 18 March 1945, Glunz was transferred to III./EJG 2 for conversion training on to the Me 262 jet fighter. He was then assigned to JG 7 where he served out the remainder of the war. Although continuously in action until 1945, “Addi” Glunz was never shot down or wounded in aerial combat. He was, however, wounded once on the ground when he was showered with glass from a window during an RAF bombing raid on Abbeville in April 1942.

“Addi” Glunz flew a total of 574 missions, including 238 with enemy contact, in achieving 71 victories. His total includes 19 four-engined bombers. He claimed three victories over the Eastern Front. In addition to his confirmed victories he had ten unconfirmed victories, possibly as many as 15 according to some sources.



Source :
Dick van Steijn photo collection
https://www.alexautographs.com/auction-lot/adolph-glunz_12344E4B53/
https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=5545335338840170&set=gm.1823559754487937

Tuesday, May 18, 2021

Ritterkreuz Action of Albrecht Schnittger

Albrecht Schnittger (1 Oktober 1914 - 13 Maret 1943) received the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 7 October 1942 as Oberfeldwebel and Zugführer in 6.Kompanie / II.Bataillon / Infanterie-Regiment 18 / 6.Infanterie-Division. The following wartime excerpt describes why Schnittger received the Ritterkreuz : “Oberfeldwebel Albrecht Schnitger… received the Ritterkreuz on the 07.10.1942 whilst serving as a Zugführer in an Infanterie-Regiment. This was in recognition of his conscious decision to counterattack a numerically superior Bolshevik force with only a few infantrymen of his own. He and his men succeeded in pushing back the enemy in close combat, a feat which in turn decisively influenced his Division’s successful defensive battle near Rzhev.”


Source :
https://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?p=2343947#p2343947
https://www.tracesofwar.com/persons/17923/Schnitger-Albrecht.htm

Reinhard Suhren with His Lucky Charm

 
An interesting photo showing Kapitänleutnant Reinhard "Teddy" Suhren (Kommandant U-564) with a beards on his face. This photo was taken on 6 June 1942, when Suhren and U-564 had just returned from a successful patrol mission in the coastal waters of the United States. In his neck was a red scarf that had been embroidered by his beloved mother. Suhren considered it a lucky charm, and almost never let it go when he was on patrol in the ocean!

Source :
"U-Boat War Patrol: The Hidden Photographic Diary Of U-564" by Lawrence Paterson

Erich Hartmann and Luftwaffe General

Oberleutnant Erich "Bubi" Hartmann (Staffelkapitän 9.Staffel / III.Gruppe / Jagdgeschwader 52) and Generalmajor Rudolf Trautvetter (Kommandeur 2. Flieger-Schul-Division). There is no information about when and where this picture was taken, but at least between August 1944 (Hartmann received the Brillanten for his Ritterkreuz) and September 1944 (Hartmann's promotion to Hauptmann).

Source :
https://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?p=2343867#p2343867

Monday, May 17, 2021

Ritterkreuz Award Ceremony for Alfred Heyn

12 August 1944 at Udine, Italian Front: Generalleutnant Bernhard Steinmetz (Kommandeur 94. Infanterie-Division) saluting during the inspection of his troops, in a Ritterkreuz award ceremony for Leutnant der Reserve Alfred Heyn (Zugführer in 7.Kompanie / II.Bataillon / Grenadier-Regiment 267 / 94.Infanterie-Division). Heyn is seen in the middle with the Ritterkreuz ribbon hanging from his neck. At left is Oberst Fritz Grassau (Kommandeur Grenadier-Regiment 267 / 94.Infanterie-Division), which would receive the Ritterkreuz on 15 April 1945, a mere five days before he was killed in action!

Source :
https://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?p=2343356#p2343356

Otto Schniewind in an Award Ceremony

Admiral Otto Schniewind presenting award to Kriegsmarine sailor. He served as Chief of Staff of the Seekriegsleitung from 1938 to 1941. After the sinking of the Bismarck Schniewind was appointed as successor to Günther Lütjens as the fleet commander of the Kriegsmarine after Lütjens was lost with his ship. In 1943 Schniewind became commander of Marinegruppenkommandos Nord. On 1 March 1944 Schniewind was promoted to Generaladmiral. On 30 July 1944, Schniewind was relieved of command and for the duration of the war he saw no further employment.

Source :
https://www.alexautographs.com/auction-lot/otto-schniewind_D6F47A2923
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Schniewind

Sunday, May 16, 2021

Panzergruppe 3 during Operation Barbarossa

Panzergruppe 3 during the start of Unternehmen Barbarossa, the invasion of Germany to the Soviet Union, between 22 June - 10 July 1941. We can see a group of military officers conferring, numerous military vehicles waiting and traveling along the road. Also tent with the sign: "General", where soldiers playing music for their officers and others (violin, two accordions, percussion). Generals and officers conferring over a map in the woods. Several wear the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes. Some faces that can be recognized :

General der Panzertruppe Rudolf Schmidt : Kommandierender General XXXIX. Armeekorps (motorisiert)
Generalmajor Hans Zorn : Kommandeur 20. Infanterie-Division (motorisiert)
Generalmajor Stephan Rittau : Kommandeur 129. Infanterie-Division
Generalmajor Hans Freiherr von Funck : Kommandeur 7. Panzer-Division
Oberst i.G. Hans-Georg Hildebrandt : Chef des Generalstabes XXXIX. Armeekorps (motorisiert)
Oberstleutnant i.G. Oldwig von Natzmer : 1. Generalstabsoffizier (Ia) XXXIX. Armeekorps (motorisiert)

From left to right: Generalmajor Hans Zorn (Kommandeur 20. Infanterie-Division) and Generalmajor Stephan Rittau (Kommandeur 129. Infanterie-Division).

General der Panzertruppe Rudolf Schmidt (Kommandierender General XXXIX. Armeekorps). Behind him is Oberst i.G. Hans-Georg Hildebrandt (Chef des Generalstabes XXXIX. Armeekorps).


From left to right: Generalmajor Hans Freiherr von Funck (Kommandeur 7. Panzer-Division), unknown Luftwaffe Oberst, Oberstleutnant i.G. Oldwig von Natzmer : (Ia XXXIX. Armeekorps), and Generalmajor Hans Zorn (Kommandeur 20. Infanterie-Division).


In the center is Generalmajor Hans Freiherr von Funck (Kommandeur 7. Panzer-Division).


Facing the camera, from left to right: Generalmajor Hans Freiherr von Funck (Kommandeur 7. Panzer-Division), Oberstleutnant i.G. Oldwig von Natzmer : (Ia XXXIX. Armeekorps), and General der Panzertruppe Rudolf Schmidt (Kommandierender General XXXIX. Armeekorps).

Source ;
https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn1003723

Walther Lichel at the Advance Command Post

Generalmajor Walther Lichel (Kommandeur 3. Infanterie-Division) at the vorausabteilung (advance command post). He was promoted to Generalleutnant on 1 February 1940, and received the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 18 September 1941 as Generalleutnant and Kommandeur 123. Infanterie-Division. His last rank is General der Infanterie.

Source :
https://www.aboutww2militaria.com/generalmajor-sichel-picture-inscribed-on-back.html

Ritterkreuzträger of RAD

Ritterkreuzträger (Knight's Cross recipients) from RAD in a gathering. The Reich Labour Service (Reichsarbeitsdienst; RAD) was a major organisation established in Nazi Germany as an agency to help mitigate the effects of unemployment on the German economy and militarise the workforce and indoctrinate it with Nazi ideology. From left to right: Heinz Pfitzner (Ritterkreuz on 15 January 1943 as Oberleutnant der Reserve and Chef 2.Kompanie / Pionier-Bataillon 290 / 290.Infanterie-Division), Günter Vollmer (Ritterkreuz on 20 April 1943 as Oberleutnant der Reserve and Chef 3.Kompanie / I.Bataillon / Grenadier-Regiment 411 / 122.Infanterie-Division), Rudolf Kreitmair (Ritterkreuz on 31 March 1943 as Hauptmann der Reserve and Führer 7.Kompanie / II.Bataillon / Grenadier-Regiment 282 / 98.Infanterie-Division), and Rudolf Bittner (Ritterkreuz on 28 November 1942 as Gefreiter and Richtkanonier in 2.Kompanie / Panzerjäger-Abteilung 561).

Source :
https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Bittner,_Rudolf

Ritterkreuz Action of Rudolf Bittner

Rudolf Bittner (18 December 1921 - 21 January 1945) received the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 28 November 1942 as Gefreiter and Richtkanonier in 2.Kompanie / Panzerjäger-Abteilung 561. The medal was awarded for his actions on 9 September 1942. On this day the Soviets broke into the German frontline near Uwarowa, and Bittner would rise to the challenge in response to this dangerous situation. A detailed description of these actions is provided by an Abteilung special order from the start of December 1942: “… The Russians intended to turn this initial success into a breakthrough, and they carried on their attack with strong infantry forces while deploying 5 KV-1 tanks for flank protection. A German counterthrust collapsed under their fire. However the gunner of Unteroffizier Brill’s gun crew, Gefreiter Bittner, destroyed 4 of these tanks and damaged the fifth in such a way that it was forced to withdraw. This created the possibility of launching a counterthrust into the enemy’s now open flank. The breakthrough was prevented, and one of the more commanding positions for the entire sector was recaptured. The most noteworthy part of this battle-deciding deed was that Bittner had changed positions beforehand in order to have a better field of fire. As a Pak gunner he has by now destroyed a total of 23 enemy tanks.”


Source :
https://forum.axishistory.com/viewforum.php?f=5
https://www.tracesofwar.com/persons/28470/Bittner-Rudolf.htm

Max Ibel, Anton Mader and Hermann Graf

1. Officers from 1. Jagdkorps on exercise in Zeist, Holland, December 1943. They were all Tagjäger (Day Fighter). At least three of them are wearing the Ritterkreuz in their neck, from left to right: Oberst Max-Josef Ibel (Kommandeur 2. Jagd-Division. Ritterkreuzträger), Oberstleutnant Anton Mader (Stabsoffizier 1. Jagdkorps. 86 victories. Ritterkreuzträger), and Major Hermann Graf (Geschwaderkommodore Jagdgeschwader 11. 212 victories. Brillantenträger).

Source :
https://www.surreymilitaria.com/en-GB/wwii-german-photographs-and-ephemera/1-jagdkorps-war-game-photo-with-knights-cross-winners/prod_10483#.YKCIqt0xXct

Saturday, May 15, 2021

Hans Schlemmer as a Major in 1935

 
Johannes "Hans" Schlemmer as a Major in 1935. He received the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 21 April 1942 as Generalmajor and Kommandeur 134. Infanterie-Division, and Eichenlaub #369 for his Ritterkreuz on 18 January 1944 as Generalleutnant and Kommandeur 134. Infanterie-Division.

Source :
https://www.facebook.com/groups/237603291147106/permalink/303288397911928

Ritterkreuz Action of Arnulf Abele

Arnulf Abele (8 November 1914 - 2 July 2000) received the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 22 February 1944 as Hauptmann and Kommandeur I.Bataillon / Reichsgrenadier-Regiment "Hoch und Deutschmeister" / Reichsgrenadier-Division "Hoch und Deutschmeister". Hauptmann Abele was a Bataillon commander in the 44. Grenadier-Division “Hoch und Deutschmeister” during its battles in Italy in early 1944. On 27 January 1944 the Bataillon was ordered to close a gap in the German lines near Belmonte (specifically between the Colle Abate and Monte Castellone, in the Terelle Valley) and thereby protect the vital supply line known as the “Neumann-Weg”. The Bataillon’s promised support did not arrive, and so Abele and his men were alone in this fight. In the fighting which ensued they defended against Allied troops from Morocco. The fighting degenerated into close combat, wherein the men of Abele’s Bataillon were reduced to throwing stones when their grenades ran out. Nevertheless, with the help of mountain gun that prevented timely reinforcement of the French attack, the Bataillon was able to prevent an entire French regiment from capturing the Colle Abate. By the time they were relieved by the Panzergrenadier-Regiment 200 (90. Panzergrenadier-Division), Abele’s Bataillon was down to 36 men. Yet the achievements of this unit did not go unnoticed, and Abele would receive the Ritterkreuz as well as a promotion to Major.


Source :
https://www.facebook.com/groups/237603291147106/permalink/299791974928237/
https://www.tracesofwar.com/persons/28040/Abele-Arnulf-GrenReg-Hoch-u-Deutschmeister.htm

Bio of Major Arnulf Abele

Arnulf Abele
Date of birth: November 8th, 1914 (Nurnberg, Germany)
Date of death: July 2nd, 2000 (Hopferau/Füssen, Germany)

Arnulf Abele was born on November 8th 1914 in Nurnberg. He went into military service as a Fahnenjunker with Infanterie-Regiment 21. From January 1936 he attended the Kriegsschule in Potsdam and in Döberitz. After this education, he returned to Infanterie-Regiment 21 on March 1st 1937. A month later, April 1st, he was appointed Zugführer and Kompagnie-Offizier with the I.Bataillon. His promotion to Leutnant followed on April 20th. August 1st he was appointed Bataillons-Adjutant with Grenz-Infanterie-Bataillon 126/Infanterie-Regiment 118. October 1st he was transferred to the Generalkommando der Grenztruppen in Saarpfalz as an Ordonnanz-Offizier, where he received his promotion to Oberleutnant on August 1st 1939. This Generalkommando was reformed to XXIV.Armeekorps on September 17th 1939.

At the start of the Second World War, Abele’s unit was stationed on the "Westwall", where he was appointed as Kompaniechef with Grenz-Infanterie-Regiment 127 on January 1st 1940. With this unit, Abele took part in the war in the west from May 10th 1940. Appointed as Kompaniechef to Infanterie-Regiment 208 on February 1st 1940, he was promoted Hauptmann on April 20th 1942. His unit was put into action on the Southern part of the Eastern Front. After being appointed Kompaniechef with Gebirgs-Jäger-Regiment 218, Abele fought on the Lapplandfront. On February 17th 1943 he was appointed as commander of the I.Bataillon/Grenadier-Regiment 134, which was reformed into Reichsgrenadier-Regiment "Hoch- und Deutschmeister" on June 1st 1943. The Battalion was transferred to the Italian Front where it was deployed near Belmonte as part of the XIV.Panzerkorps/10.Armee. His promotion to Major followed on April 20th 1944.

Abele was taken as a prisoner of war by the Americans on September 26th 1944 south of Castell del Rio in Italy. He was released on October 15th 1946.

He went into military service again with the German Bundeswehr on December 16th 1955 with the rank of Major. He became commander of the Pi-Stab in München on January 23rd 1956, where he was promoted to Oberstleutnant on September 5th 1957. After this he was appointed Hilfsreferent with the Heeres-Führungsstab, and subsequently he was appointed as Referent on July 1st 1964 and promoted to Oberst on December 23rd. On March 31st 1973, Arnulf Abele retired from military service.

Abele died on July 2nd 2000 in Hopferau, Füssen.


Source :
https://www.facebook.com/groups/237603291147106/permalink/299791974928237/
https://www.tracesofwar.com/persons/28040/Abele-Arnulf-GrenReg-Hoch-u-Deutschmeister.htm

Günther von Maltzahn in the Cockpit of His Aircraft

When this photograph was taken in the spring of 1940, Hauptmann Günther von Maltzahn was Gruppenkommandeur of II.Gruppe / Jagdgeschwader 53 (JG 53) – a position he filled from 18 August 1939 through to 8 October 1940, when he was made Geschwaderkommodore of JG 53. He had previously been the Staffelkapitän of 6./JG 53 from June 1937. All 67 of victories came with the ‘Pik-As’ between 20 September 1939 and 4 January 1943, and he survived the war.

Source :
"Jagdgeschwader 53 'Pik'As' Bf 109 Aces of 1940" by Chris Goss & Chris Davey

Werner Mölders Climbs Out of the Cockpit

Wearing a fur-lined flying suit, Hauptmann Werner Mölders (Gruppenkommandeur III.Gruppe / Jagdgeschwader 53) climbs out of the cockpit of his reserve Messerschmitt Bf 109E at Trier, Southwestern Germany, following an uneventful patrol in the early spring of 1940

Source :
"Jagdgeschwader 53 'Pik'As' Bf 109 Aces of 1940" by Chris Goss & Chris Davey

Adolf Strauss and Russian Officers at Bialystok

 
Meeting between German and Soviet officers at Bialystok, July 1941. Looking to the camera is Generaloberst Adolf Strauss (Oberbefehlshaber 9. Armee). The Battle of Białystok–Minsk was a German strategic operation conducted by the Wehrmacht's Army Group Centre under Generalfeldmarschall Fedor von Bock during the penetration of the Soviet border region in the opening stage of Operation Barbarossa, lasting from 22 June to 9 July 1941. The Heeresgruppe's Panzergruppe 2 under Generaloberst Heinz Guderian and Panzergruppe 3 under Generaloberst Hermann Hoth decimated the Soviet frontier defenses, defeated all Soviet counter-attacks and encircled four Soviet Armies of the Red Army's Western Front near Bialystok and Minsk by 30 June. The majority of the Western Front was enclosed within, and the pockets were liquidated by 9 July. The Red Army lost 420,000 men against Wehrmacht casualties of somewhat over 12,157. The Germans destroyed the Soviet Western Front in 18 days and advanced 460 kilometers into the Soviet Union, causing many to believe that the Germans had effectively won the war against the Soviet Union.

Source :
Gregg Tolbert photo collection
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bia%C5%82ystok%E2%80%93Minsk

Otto Köhnke Captured by the Allies

Major Otto Köhnke after his capture by the Allies, 8 May 1945. In the last year of the war, Köhnke still active in various positions: on 15 February 1945 he was appointed as Chef Inspizient 1/1. Fliegerschuldivision. On 8 March 1945 he moved to take command of Sonderkommando “Elbe”, the special kamikaze-like air-to-air ramming unit (to 10 April 1945). On 16 April 1945 he was appointed as Kommandeur of Sonderkommando “Bienenstock” – the Fi 156/Bü 181 special sabotage unit. This position he held after the end of the war.

Source :
"Luftwaffe Officer Career Summaries: Section G-K" by Henry L. deZeng IV and Douglas G. Stankey
https://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?p=2343048#p2343048

Helmut Rosenbaum in an Award Ceremony

Kapitänleutnant and U-boat ace Helmut Rosenbaum (right) shaking hands with other Kriegsmarine officer, possibly in an award ceremony. Rosenbaum received the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 12 August 1942 as Kommandant U-73. The day before, he scored his greatest victory when he sank the British aircraft carrier HMS Eagle on 11 August 1942.

Source :
Schuddie photo collection
https://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?p=2342750#p2342750

Friday, May 14, 2021

Werner Mölders and Officers of III./JG 53

Officers of III.Gruppe / Jagdgeschwader 53 (JG 53) "Pik-As" come together for a group photograph in the early spring of 1940. They are, front row, from left to right, Leutnant Josef Volk (9. Staffel, two victories, PoW from 11 November 1940), Oberleutnant Heinz Wittenberg (Stabsoffizier, two victories, survived), Hauptmann Werner Mölders (Gruppenkommandeur), Leutnant Walter Radlick (Stabsoffizier, four victories, killed on 2 October 1940), and Leutnant Georg Claus (Stabsoffizier, 18 victories, killed on 11 November 1940). Middle row, from left to right, Oberleutnant Otto Boenigk (9. Staffelkapitän, one victory, survived), Dr Söstmann, Oberleutnant Wolf-Dietrich Wilcke (7. Staffelkapitän, 162 victories, killed on 23 March 1944), Leutnant Hans Riegel (7. Staffel, one victory, killed on 6 September 1940), Leutnant Jakob Stoll (8. Staffel, 13 victories, killed on 17 October 1940), and Leutnant Horst von Wegemann (9. Staffel, one victory, killed on 10 March 1941). Rear row, from left to right, Leutnant Ernst Panthen, (8. Staffel, three victories, survived), Leutnant Heinz Kunert (8. Staffel, nine victories, killed 8 September 1940), Stabzahlmeister Ehrhardt, Leutnant Hans Fleitz (8. Staffel, three victories, killed on 3 June 1940), and Oberleutnant Hans von Hahn (8. Staffelkapitän, 34 victories, survived).

Source :
"Jagdgeschwader 53 'Pik'As' Bf 109 Aces of 1940" by Chris Goss & Chris Davey