Ritterkreuzträger of 46. Infanterie-Division

The 46. Infanterie-Division was formed on 24 November 1938 in Karlsbad in the Sudetenland as a first-wave unit of the peacetime army and was mobilized in August 1939 under Generalleutnant Paul von Hase, drawing primarily on ethnic German recruits from the region. It took part in the invasion of Poland in September 1939, advancing through southern sectors including the areas of Tschenstochau, Radom and the approaches to Warsaw, before moving west and participating in the Battle of France in 1940 as part of XXXVIII. Armeekorps after initially serving in OKH reserve. Following occupation duties in France, elements moved through Yugoslavia and Romania; in July 1941 the division joined Operation Barbarossa under Heeresgruppe Süd and the 11. Armee, crossing the Pruth, Dnjestr and Bug rivers and advancing through southern Ukraine to the Dnepr before breaking through the Perekop isthmus into the Crimea in late September. It fought in the siege of Sevastopol, defended the Kerch Peninsula during the Soviet landings of December 1941–January 1942 (an unauthorized withdrawal ordered by Generalleutnant Kurt Himer and Generalleutnant Hans Graf von Sponeck later leading to temporary stripping of the division’s battle honors), and participated in the reconquest of Kerch in May 1942. Transferred to the Caucasus in autumn 1942, it advanced into the western Caucasus mountains before being forced into a long series of defensive and withdrawal battles through Ukraine in 1943–1944, suffering heavy losses near Isjum, Dnjepropetrowsk, Kriwoi Rog and during the retreat across the Bug and Pruth. By autumn 1944 the remnants had reached Hungary, where they conducted defensive fighting in the Puszta, at Szolnok, in the Mátra mountains and along the Ipel before holding positions in the Margarethe-Stellung. Redesignated the 46. Volksgrenadier-Division in March 1945, the depleted formation continued the retreat through Moravia and surrendered to Soviet forces near Deutsch-Brod in May 1945.

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EICHENLAUBTRÄGER


Generalmajor Ludwig Kirschner (1904-1945) was born on 12 June 1904 in Bayreuth and began his career on 1 May 1925 as an officer candidate in the Bayerische Landespolizei, becoming Polizei-Leutnant in 1928 and Polizei-Oberleutnant in 1934 before transferring to the Wehrmacht as Oberleutnant in 1935 and later serving with Infanterie-Regiment 110 of the 33. Infanterie-Division. Promoted to Hauptmann in 1936, he commanded a company of Infanterie-Regiment 104 during the western campaign of 1940, then took over I. Bataillon of the newly formed Infanterie-Regiment 436 of the 132. Infanterie-Division, rising to Major on 1 August 1941 and leading it into the Russian campaign. On 15 January 1942 his battalion spearheaded the attack on Feodosia; two days later, acting on his own initiative despite severed contact with the regiment and strong enemy forces on both flanks, he broke through Soviet positions with only 150 men, reached the coastal road north of Saarygol and completed the German encirclement of the town, an action for which he received the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 18 January 1942. In May 1942 he assumed command of Infanterie-Regiment 72 of the 46. Infanterie-Division, was promoted to Oberstleutnant in November, and after further distinguished fighting in the Caucasus mountains following the failed advance on Tuapse was awarded the Eichenlaub (135th award) on 28 October 1942. Advanced to Oberst in May 1943, he later commanded the Bataillonsführerschule in Antwerpen and, from 1 November 1944, the newly raised 320. Volksgrenadier-Division, which he led through heavy fighting near Krakau and in the Carpathians as part of the 17. Armee during the Westkarpatische Operation and the Weichsel-Oder-Operation; promoted to Generalmajor on 30 January 1945, he was killed in action on 11 February 1945 near Saybusch on the defensive line along the river Soła.

Source :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/46th_Infantry_Division_(Wehrmacht)

Ritterkreuzträger of 132. Infanterie-Division

The 132. Infanterie-Division was formed on 5 October 1940 in Landshut within Wehrkreis VII as part of the 11th wave of mobilization, drawing personnel from the 263. and 268. Infanterie-Divisionen along with elements linked to the conversion of the 27. Infanterie-Division into the 17. Panzer-Division, and initially comprised Infanterie-Regimenter 436, 437 and 438, Artillerie-Regiment 132, Pionier-Bataillon 132 and supporting units. After training in Germany it first saw action in the Balkanfeldzug of April–May 1941, advancing from the Steiermark border toward Marburg an der Drau, Zagreb and into Bosnia where it helped suppress the Serb uprising around Sanski Most in the Independent State of Croatia before being relieved and transferred east. In June 1941 the division joined Heeresgruppe Süd for Operation Barbarossa, advancing from Lemberg via Ostrog, Schitomir and Berditschew to the area south of Kiew, fighting along the Dnieper and later moving to the Crimea in November 1941. There it took part in the battles for the Isthmus of Perekop, the Kerch Peninsula and the prolonged Siege of Sevastopol, distinguishing itself by capturing the Fortress Maxim Gorky. In September 1942 it was transferred to Heeresgruppe Nord and the 18. Armee to prepare for the assault on Leningrad under Operation Nordlicht, but instead became heavily engaged in repelling the Soviet Sinyavino Offensive and subsequent fighting around Lake Ladoga, Krasny Bor and the forests of Kolpino. The division continued defensive operations on the northern sector through 1943–1944, later helping maintain the link between Heeresgruppe Nord and the remnants of Heeresgruppe Mitte after Operation Bagration, until it was finally cut off in the Kurland Pocket in October 1944. Commanded successively by Generalleutnant Rudolf Sintzenich, General der Artillerie Fritz Lindemann, Generalleutnant Herbert Wagner and Generalmajor Rudolf Demme, the division fought on until the end of the war and surrendered to Soviet forces in the Kurland Pocket on 10 May 1945.

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RITTERKREUZTRÄGER


Generalmajor Ludwig Kirschner (1904-1945) was born on 12 June 1904 in Bayreuth and began his career on 1 May 1925 as an officer candidate in the Bayerische Landespolizei, becoming Polizei-Leutnant in 1928 and Polizei-Oberleutnant in 1934 before transferring to the Wehrmacht as Oberleutnant in 1935 and later serving with Infanterie-Regiment 110 of the 33. Infanterie-Division. Promoted to Hauptmann in 1936, he commanded a company of Infanterie-Regiment 104 during the western campaign of 1940, then took over I. Bataillon of the newly formed Infanterie-Regiment 436 of the 132. Infanterie-Division, rising to Major on 1 August 1941 and leading it into the Russian campaign. On 15 January 1942 his battalion spearheaded the attack on Feodosia; two days later, acting on his own initiative despite severed contact with the regiment and strong enemy forces on both flanks, he broke through Soviet positions with only 150 men, reached the coastal road north of Saarygol and completed the German encirclement of the town, an action for which he received the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 18 January 1942. In May 1942 he assumed command of Infanterie-Regiment 72 of the 46. Infanterie-Division, was promoted to Oberstleutnant in November, and after further distinguished fighting in the Caucasus mountains following the failed advance on Tuapse was awarded the Eichenlaub (135th award) on 28 October 1942. Advanced to Oberst in May 1943, he later commanded the Bataillonsführerschule in Antwerpen and, from 1 November 1944, the newly raised 320. Volksgrenadier-Division, which he led through heavy fighting near Krakau and in the Carpathians as part of the 17. Armee during the Westkarpatische Operation and the Weichsel-Oder-Operation; promoted to Generalmajor on 30 January 1945, he was killed in action on 11 February 1945 near Saybusch on the defensive line along the river Soła.

Source :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/132nd_Infantry_Division_(Wehrmacht)

Ritterkreuzträger of 16. Infanterie-Division / 16. Panzergrenadier-Division

The 16. Infanterie-Division was formed on 1 October 1934 in Münster under the cover name Kommandant von Münster as a first-wave division of Wehrkreis VI, receiving its initial personnel cadre from the Reichswehr’s Infanterie-Regiment 18 and comprising Infanterie-Regiment 60, 64 and 79 together with Artillerie-Regiment 16. Mobilized on 25 August 1939, it first secured the western frontier before advancing through Luxembourg and Belgium in May 1940, fighting at Stonne and Sedan and later serving as reserve of the 16. Armee during the second phase of the Westfeldzug. On 6 August 1940 the division was divided at Sennelager into the new 16. Panzer-Division and the 16. Infanterie-Division (mot.), the latter built around Infanterie-Regiment 60, a new Infanterie-Regiment 156, Kradschützen-Bataillon 165 and Artillerie-Regiment 146 under the former staff of the disbanded 228. Infanterie-Division. After occupation duty in France the motorized division took part in the Balkanfeldzug of April 1941, thrusting toward Sarajevo, then joined Panzergruppe 1 of Heeresgruppe Süd for Unternehmen Barbarossa, breaking the Stalin Line near Lubar, advancing via Uman, Kriwoi Rog and the Dnepr to the Kiev encirclement and winter positions east of Kursk. In summer 1942 it fought at Voronezh, crossed the Don and, as the first German formation to enter Asia, reached the vicinity of Maikop before racing across the Kalmückensteppe to the most easterly point attained by any Wehrmacht unit near Astrachan, earning the nickname Windhund-Division. After the winter retreat to the Mius front it was redesignated 16. Panzergrenadier-Division on 23 June 1943, continued defensive battles in the Donets Basin and at the Dnepr, and was largely destroyed near Uman during the Dnepr-Carpathian Offensive of March 1944; its remnants were withdrawn to France and rebuilt as the 116. Panzer-Division.

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EICHENLAUBTRÄGER


Oberstleutnant Karl Torley (1913-1943) was born on 16 October 1913 in Iserlohn and entered military service in 1935 with Infanterie-Regiment 60, receiving promotion to Leutnant on 1 January 1938. As a Zugführer he took part in the Western Campaign of 1940 and the subsequent Balkan Campaign, earning the Eisernes Kreuz II. Klasse on 24 May 1940 and the Eisernes Kreuz I. Klasse on 24 June 1940. At the opening of the campaign against the Soviet Union he held the rank of Oberleutnant and commanded 2. Kompanie of I. Bataillon, Infanterie-Regiment (motorisiert) 60 of the 16. Infanterie-Division (motorisiert). On 30 July 1941, when Soviet forces in battalion strength twice attacked the vital supply and medical hub of Talnoje, Torley and his Kompanie successfully repulsed both assaults, thereby securing the village and the German rearward services located there; for this action he was awarded the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 23 November 1941. In 1942 he assumed command of I. Bataillon of the same regiment. On 28 August 1942 his Bataillon assaulted the fortified village of Jaschkul in the Kalmyk steppe; after fierce close combat that failed to clear the place completely, Torley directed a carefully prepared night attack that finally ejected the Soviet garrison, securing important underground water wells and the local road junction that facilitated further German advances eastward and improved lateral communications. For this leadership he received the 132nd Eichenlaub to the Ritterkreuz on 11 October 1942 while still a Hauptmann. Promoted to Major on 1 February 1943, Torley was killed in action near Kalynivka (Kalinkowa) on the Mius on 19 July 1943 and was posthumously advanced to Oberstleutnant.

Source :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Infantry_Division_(Wehrmacht)

Ritterkreuzträger of 15. Panzer-Division

The 15. Panzer-Division was formed on 1 November 1940 in Landau and Heidelberg within Wehrkreis XII by converting the 33. Infanterie-Division and incorporating elements including Panzer-Regiment 8 from the 10. Panzer-Division, creating a fully motorized armored formation equipped primarily with Panzer II, III and IV tanks. Transported by sea to Tripolis in Libya between March and May 1941, it joined Generalleutnant Erwin Rommel’s Deutsches Afrikakorps as one of its two core panzer divisions alongside the 21. Panzer-Division and immediately entered combat south of Tobruk, capturing Fort Capuzzo and positions at Sollum while participating in the unsuccessful assaults on the Tobruk fortress in April–May 1941. Throughout the summer of 1941 the division helped defeat British relief attempts during Operations Brevity and Battleaxe, then endured heavy fighting and significant tank losses during the British Operation Crusader in November–December 1941, during which its commander Generalmajor Walter Neumann-Silkow was mortally wounded. After a brief period of refitting it took part in the 1942 summer offensive known as Unternehmen Theseus, outflanking the Gazala Line, contributing decisively to the capture of Tobruk on 21 June, and advancing deep into Egypt until halted at El Alamein. The division suffered catastrophic casualties during the First and especially the Second Battle of El Alamein in July and October–November 1942, after which it conducted a long fighting withdrawal through Cyrenaica, past Tripolis and the Buerat position to the Mareth Line in southern Tunisia. In February–March 1943 it participated in the counter-offensive at Kasserine Pass against American forces before being forced northward; by May 1943 the remnants of the 15. Panzer-Division, short of fuel and ammunition, were destroyed south of Tunis and surrendered with the remaining Axis forces in North Africa, after which the division was never reconstituted as a panzer formation.

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EICHENLAUBTRÄGER


Oberst Johannes Kümmel (1909-1944) was born on 21 July 1909 in Coswig, Saxony, and entered military service in 1928 with Infanterie-Regiment 12 before transferring in 1938 as Feldwebel to Panzer-Regiment 8, with which he took part in the Polish campaign and received promotion to Leutnant on 1 December 1939 and to Oberleutnant on 1 April 1940. After the French campaign the regiment moved to North Africa in January 1941, where Kümmel distinguished himself during the defensive fighting around the Halfaya Pass; on 15 June 1941, as Oberleutnant der Reserve and Chef of 1./Panzer-Regiment 8 of the 15. Panzer-Division in the Deutsches Afrika-Korps, he independently attacked a far larger enemy tank force west of Capuzzo, preventing its northward advance that would have cut off vital German supply columns and thereby enabling the subsequent destruction of the Allied armour, an action that earned him the nickname “Lion of Capuzzo” and the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 9 July 1941. Promoted to Hauptmann, he assumed command of I. Abteilung of the same regiment in early 1942 and led it with decisive effect during the storming of Tobruk on 20 June 1942 as well as in the fighting around Marsa Matruh and at El Alamein, where on 1 September 1942 his unit reached Hill 132 and advanced to within 18 kilometres of the coast in the rear of the British front; for these achievements he was awarded the Eichenlaub to the Ritterkreuz on 11 October 1942 as Hauptmann der Reserve and Kommandeur of I./Panzer-Regiment 8. On 1 December 1942 he was promoted to Major and posted to Panzerersatz-Abteilung 7 in Germany, later serving as a tactics instructor at the Panzerschule before being transferred in June 1943 to the XIV. Panzerkorps in Italy, where he was promoted to Oberstleutnant and in September 1943 appointed Kommandeur of Panzer-Regiment 26. Johannes Kümmel met his death in a motor-vehicle accident near Cisterna on 26 February 1944 and was posthumously promoted to Oberst on 20 May 1944.

Source :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_Panzer_Division

Ritterkreuzträger in Reichswehr Uniform

The German Reichswehr, established in 1919 as the official military of the Weimar Republic following Germany’s defeat in World War I, represented a carefully constrained and deliberately professional force shaped by the severe limitations imposed by the Treaty of Versailles. Under the treaty’s military clauses, the army was restricted to a maximum of 100,000 men, including no more than 4,000 officers, while the navy was limited to 15,000 personnel and a handful of obsolete surface ships; tanks, heavy artillery, military aircraft, submarines, and a general staff were all prohibited, forcing the Reichswehr to operate under intense scrutiny from the Inter-Allied Military Control Commission. Despite these restrictions, the leadership—most notably General Hans von Seeckt—transformed the force into an elite, highly trained cadre army that emphasized rigorous selection, advanced tactical education, and the preservation of Prussian military traditions, deliberately preparing a core of experienced officers and NCOs who could rapidly expand the army if political conditions ever allowed. The Reichswehr maintained strict political neutrality in theory, yet it often acted as a conservative, anti-republican institution that viewed the Weimar government with suspicion and quietly cooperated with the Soviet Union through secret training and technology-exchange programs in the 1920s to circumvent Versailles bans. Internally, the force cultivated an intense esprit de corps, modernized infantry tactics, and experimented with motorization and combined-arms concepts that later influenced Blitzkrieg doctrine, all while carefully concealing prohibited activities such as the development of tanks and aircraft under civilian cover or abroad. By the early 1930s, as the Nazi Party rose to power, the Reichswehr’s officer corps found itself increasingly aligned with nationalist goals; after Hitler became chancellor in 1933, the military leadership accepted the regime’s rearmament plans in exchange for institutional autonomy. On 16 March 1935, the Reichswehr was formally dissolved and replaced by the Wehrmacht, marking the end of the constrained interwar army and the beginning of open, large-scale rearmament that would prepare Germany for the Second World War.

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REICHSHEER

Generalleutnant Bruno Ritter von Hauenschild (1896–1953), having earned his noble title through distinguished service in the First World War with the Bayerische Armee, entered the postwar military structure of the Weimar Republic and was retained in the Reichswehr after the army’s drastic reduction under the Treaty of Versailles. From 25 January 1919 he served as Hilfsoffizier upon the staff of the Generalkommando of the II. Armee-Korps, then in mid-April joined the Freiwilligen-Batterie Steinbauer before being taken into the Reichswehr in May 1919 and appointed Adjutant of the Stabsoffizier der Artillerie at the Reichswehr-Gruppenkommando 4, where he participated in the suppression of uprisings in Würzburg and Augsburg as well as operations against the Münchner Räterepublik. On 1 October 1920 he was posted as Kompanieoffizier to the Kraftfahr-Abteilung 121, which was redesignated the 7. (Bayer.) Kraftfahr-Abteilung upon the formal establishment of the Reichswehr; in this motorized formation he advanced steadily, receiving promotion to Oberleutnant on 22 February 1924 (with Rangdienstalter from 1 November 1923) and completing a Waffenschullehrgang at the Truppenübungsplatz Ohrdruf between May and the end of July 1924. From 16 October 1924 he served as Abteilungsadjutant of the same unit and was promoted to Hauptmann on 1 October 1928. Beginning on 1 February 1929 he was assigned for nearly four years to the Reichswehrministerium in Berlin, interrupted only by a one-year posting from 1 October 1929 to the 3. Batterie of the 7. (Bayerisches) Artillerie-Regiment; upon his return he worked in the Wehramt within the Inspektion der Verkehrstruppen (In 6), gaining valuable staff experience in the development of motorized and transport troops that would later prove foundational to Germany’s armored forces. On 1 October 1933 he returned to troop duty as Kompaniechef in the 7. (Bayerische) Kraftfahr-Abteilung, continuing to serve in this specialized motorized unit through the final years of the Reichswehr until its expansion and transition into the Wehrmacht, thereby completing a career path that blended front-line motor-transport experience with high-level ministerial staff work during the constrained yet professionally rigorous era of the interwar German army.

Source :
https://alifrafikkhan.blogspot.com/2011/07/album-foto-tokoh-nazi-jerman-mengenakan.html

Ritterkreuzträger with Militär-Max-Joseph-Ordens (Max-Joseph Order)

The Militär-Max-Joseph-Orden, or Military Order of Max Joseph, was the highest purely military decoration of the Kingdom of Bavaria, founded by King Maximilian I Joseph on 1 January 1806 (formally decreed by army order on 1 March) as a successor to the earlier Kurpfalz-Bavarian Military Honor Badge, with the Latin motto “Virtuti pro patria” meaning “Bravery for the Fatherland.” Restricted to officers regardless of rank, branch, religion, or birth, and with the Grand Cross reserved exclusively for generals, admission required extraordinary acts of courage or tactical skill that an officer could have omitted without blame yet that brought clear advantage or honor to the army, decisions being made by the order’s chapter rather than solely by the monarch. The order comprised three classes—Grand Cross (Großkreuz), Commander’s Cross (Kommandeurkreuz), and Knight’s Cross (Ritterkreuz)—whose badge was a white-enameled gold Maltese cross with ball terminals, surmounted by a crown, the blue central medallion bearing the monogram “MJK” on the obverse and the motto on the reverse; rays appeared between the arms of the higher classes, the Grand Cross was accompanied by an eight-pointed silver breast star, and the ribbon was black with white and light-blue edges. Bavarian commoners who received the order were elevated to personal, non-hereditary nobility and thereafter styled “Ritter von,” while hereditary nobility could be claimed only if both father and grandfather had also held it; limited annual pensions were attached to the senior places in each class. Awarded from the Napoleonic Wars through the Austro-Prussian and Franco-Prussian conflicts and especially during the First World War (when several hundred Knight’s Crosses and a smaller number of higher grades were conferred, including to non-Bavarians such as Admiral Franz von Hipper), the order became obsolete with the fall of the Bavarian monarchy in 1918, though its chancery continued processing recommendations until at least 1922 and the last living knights later received a modest honorarium from the Federal Republic. Notable recipients included Crown Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria, Field Marshal Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb, and numerous Allied and enemy commanders of earlier eras such as Wellington and Moltke, underscoring its prestige as Bavaria’s equivalent to the Austrian Military Order of Maria Theresa.

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HEER

Generalleutnant Bruno Ritter von Hauenschild (1896-1953) was born Bruno Hauenschild on 9 June 1896 in Würzburg and volunteered for service in the Bavarian Army at the outbreak of the First World War, joining the 11. bayerisches Feldartillerie-Regiment as a Fahnenjunker and later serving as Batterieführer. For outstanding leadership in 1918 he received the Ritterkreuz des Militär-Max-Joseph-Ordens on 2 September 1918, an award that conferred personal nobility and allowed him to style himself Ritter von Hauenschild. In the Second World War he rose to Oberst and took command of the 4. Panzer-Brigade within the 10. Panzer-Division of XXXXVI. Panzer-Korps under Armeegruppe Guderian. During the rapid advance from the Berezina to the Dnieper in the summer of 1941 his brigade formed the spearhead, seized vital bridges and corridors, and destroyed large numbers of Soviet tanks, anti-tank guns, artillery pieces and vehicles, actions for which he was awarded the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 25 August 1941. Promoted to Generalmajor, he assumed command of the 24. Panzer-Division on 15 April 1942 and led it with distinction during Operation Blau, contributing decisively to the victories near Voronezh, the fighting in the Don bend and the subsequent drive toward Stalingrad. Severely wounded in early September 1942 near Stalingrad, he received the Eichenlaub to the Ritterkreuz on 27 September 1942 as the 129th recipient while still listed as Kommandeur of the 24. Panzer-Division. Later promoted to Generalleutnant, he held staff and training commands including the Panzertruppenschulen and briefly directed the Berlin defence area in early 1945 before being relieved on grounds of illness. He died in Munich on 10 March 1953.

Source :
https://alifrafikkhan.blogspot.com/2021/10/foto-tokoh-third-reich-peraih-max.html

Ritterkreuzträger of 10. Panzer-Division

The 10th Panzer Division of the German Wehrmacht was formed on 1 April 1939 in Prague in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia as a composite armored formation drawing units from existing motorized and light divisions, and it quickly became one of the elite tank formations of the Heer. In the Polish campaign of September 1939 it served in Army Group North reserve, advancing through the Polish Corridor and fighting at the Tuchola Forest and near Brest-Litovsk. During the 1940 Battle of France it belonged to Guderian’s XIX Motorized Corps, crossed the Meuse at Sedan, helped capture Calais, and raced to the English Channel as part of the armored spearhead that sealed the fate of the Allied armies in the north. After reorganization it took part in Operation Barbarossa in June 1941 with Army Group Center’s 2nd Panzer Group, advancing through Minsk, Smolensk and Yelnya, participating in the double battle of Vyazma-Bryansk, and pushing to within striking distance of Moscow before being forced back with heavy losses in the winter of 1941–42. Withdrawn to France in the spring of 1942 for refitting, the division helped repel the Allied Dieppe Raid and later occupied Vichy territory. In late 1942 it was rushed to Tunisia after Operation Torch, joining the 5th Panzer Army; there its Kampfgruppen inflicted severe defeats on inexperienced American forces at Sidi Bou Zid and the Kasserine Pass in February 1943. Commanded successively by Ferdinand Schaal, Wolfgang Fischer (killed in a minefield) and Friedrich Freiherr von Broich, the division fought on until the final Axis collapse in North Africa and surrendered near Tunis on 12 May 1943. Officially disbanded on 30 June 1943 and never reconstituted, the 10th Panzer Division left a combat record that spanned Poland, France, the Soviet Union and Tunisia, and its name was later revived in the West German Bundeswehr in honor of resistance members who had served in its ranks.

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RITTERKREUZTRÄGER


Generalleutnant Bruno Ritter von Hauenschild (1896-1953) was born Bruno Hauenschild on 9 June 1896 in Würzburg and volunteered for service in the Bavarian Army at the outbreak of the First World War, joining the 11. bayerisches Feldartillerie-Regiment as a Fahnenjunker and later serving as Batterieführer. For outstanding leadership in 1918 he received the Ritterkreuz des Militär-Max-Joseph-Ordens on 2 September 1918, an award that conferred personal nobility and allowed him to style himself Ritter von Hauenschild. In the Second World War he rose to Oberst and took command of the 4. Panzer-Brigade within the 10. Panzer-Division of XXXXVI. Panzer-Korps under Armeegruppe Guderian. During the rapid advance from the Berezina to the Dnieper in the summer of 1941 his brigade formed the spearhead, seized vital bridges and corridors, and destroyed large numbers of Soviet tanks, anti-tank guns, artillery pieces and vehicles, actions for which he was awarded the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 25 August 1941. Promoted to Generalmajor, he assumed command of the 24. Panzer-Division on 15 April 1942 and led it with distinction during Operation Blau, contributing decisively to the victories near Voronezh, the fighting in the Don bend and the subsequent drive toward Stalingrad. Severely wounded in early September 1942 near Stalingrad, he received the Eichenlaub to the Ritterkreuz on 27 September 1942 as the 129th recipient while still listed as Kommandeur of the 24. Panzer-Division. Later promoted to Generalleutnant, he held staff and training commands including the Panzertruppenschulen and briefly directed the Berlin defence area in early 1945 before being relieved on grounds of illness. He died in Munich on 10 March 1953.

Source :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10th_Panzer_Division_(Wehrmacht)

Ritterkreuzträger of 24. Panzer-Division

The 24th Panzer Division (24. Panzer-Division) of the German Wehrmacht was formed on 28 November 1941 at the Stablack training grounds in East Prussia through the conversion of the elite 1st Cavalry Division, retaining strong cavalry traditions and adopting the leaping horseman emblem that later inspired detailed historical accounts of its service. After reorganization and training with Panzer II, III, and IV tanks at facilities in France such as Mailly-le-Camp and Coetquidan in early 1942, the division was transferred by rail to the Eastern Front in May–June 1942, joining the 4th Panzer Army under Army Group South for the summer offensive known as Case Blue or Operation Blau. It advanced rapidly toward Voronezh, helping capture parts of the city in early July alongside the Grossdeutschland Division, then pushed across the Don River into the great bend near Kalach before being committed to the drive on Stalingrad. From mid-August 1942 the division fought intense battles on the approaches and in the city itself under the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps, engaging in brutal urban combat around factories, the Mamaev Kurgan heights, and industrial districts that steadily eroded its combat strength from a formidable armored force down to a handful of operational tanks and depleted panzergrenadier battalions. Encircled with the 6th Army during the Soviet Operation Uranus in late November 1942, the remnants of the 24th Panzer Division continued fighting inside the Stalingrad pocket until the final surrender on 2 February 1943, with only about 1,500 survivors taken prisoner. Reformed from scratch in March–April 1943 in the Lisieux area of northern France using new personnel and equipment including later Panther tanks, the division was briefly deployed to northern Italy in the summer of 1943 for coastal defense and the disarmament of Italian forces after the armistice before returning to the southern sector of the Eastern Front in October 1943. There it endured costly defensive battles along the Dnieper River near Novo Staro Dub, in the Nikopol bridgehead, around Dnepropetrovsk and Krivoi Rog, and later in the battles for the Dniepr Bend and near Kiev, suffering heavy casualties that left it with only limited operational armor by late 1943. In 1944 the division fought in Romania during the First Jassy-Kishinev Offensive and the battles around Târgu Frumos, then shifted northward into Galicia, Poland, and Hungary, conducting counterattacks and delaying actions amid the collapsing German front. By early 1945 its remaining combat elements, reduced to a few tank companies, panzergrenadier units, and antitank detachments, operated in Slovakia, Poland, and East Prussia, with some detachments eventually evacuating to Schleswig-Holstein where they surrendered to British forces while the bulk of the division capitulated to Soviet troops in May 1945, ending the combat history of this once-proud formation that had transitioned from cavalry to armored warfare only to be largely consumed by the grinding attrition of the Eastern Front.

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EICHENLAUBTRÄGER


Generalleutnant Bruno Ritter von Hauenschild (1896-1953) was born Bruno Hauenschild on 9 June 1896 in Würzburg and volunteered for service in the Bavarian Army at the outbreak of the First World War, joining the 11. bayerisches Feldartillerie-Regiment as a Fahnenjunker and later serving as Batterieführer. For outstanding leadership in 1918 he received the Ritterkreuz des Militär-Max-Joseph-Ordens on 2 September 1918, an award that conferred personal nobility and allowed him to style himself Ritter von Hauenschild. In the Second World War he rose to Oberst and took command of the 4. Panzer-Brigade within the 10. Panzer-Division of XXXXVI. Panzer-Korps under Armeegruppe Guderian. During the rapid advance from the Berezina to the Dnieper in the summer of 1941 his brigade formed the spearhead, seized vital bridges and corridors, and destroyed large numbers of Soviet tanks, anti-tank guns, artillery pieces and vehicles, actions for which he was awarded the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 25 August 1941. Promoted to Generalmajor, he assumed command of the 24. Panzer-Division on 15 April 1942 and led it with distinction during Operation Blau, contributing decisively to the victories near Voronezh, the fighting in the Don bend and the subsequent drive toward Stalingrad. Severely wounded in early September 1942 near Stalingrad, he received the Eichenlaub to the Ritterkreuz on 27 September 1942 as the 129th recipient while still listed as Kommandeur of the 24. Panzer-Division. Later promoted to Generalleutnant, he held staff and training commands including the Panzertruppenschulen and briefly directed the Berlin defence area in early 1945 before being relieved on grounds of illness. He died in Munich on 10 March 1953.

Source :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/24th_Panzer_Division

Handsome Ritterkreuzträger

 LUFWAFFE

Major Wolfgang Tonne (1918-1943) was born on 28 February 1918 in Moosbach in Schleiz, Thuringia, and entered the Luftwaffe in 1937 as an officer cadet, completing flight training before being posted as a Leutnant to 3./Jagdgeschwader 53 in December 1939. He claimed his first aerial victory on 14 May 1940 during the Battle of France, a British Blenheim bomber, and went on to score five victories in the Western campaign before participating in the Battle of Britain. Transferred to the Eastern Front in June 1941 with Jagdgeschwader 53, Tonne steadily built his score and was promoted to Oberleutnant on 1 October 1941, becoming Staffelkapitän of 3./Jagdgeschwader 53 in February 1942. Operating intensively over the Soviet Union, particularly in the Stalingrad sector during the summer of 1942, he achieved rapid success and was awarded the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 6 September 1942 as Oberleutnant and Staffelkapitän of 3./Jagdgeschwader 53 after reaching 54 aerial victories. Continuing his exceptional run, Tonne claimed his 100th and 101st victories shortly thereafter and received the Eichenlaub to the Ritterkreuz on 24 September 1942, the 128th such award, presented by Adolf Hitler. In November 1942 he led 3./Jagdgeschwader 53 to North Africa, where he specialized in combat against Allied fighters and bombers, adding 21 further victories including numerous Spitfires and one four-engined bomber. On 20 April 1943, after scoring his 122nd aerial victory, Tonne was killed in a flying accident while attempting a celebratory low-level pass with landing gear extended over the airfield at Protville near Tunis in Tunisia. Credited with a total of 122 aerial victories in 641 combat missions, of which 96 were claimed on the Eastern Front, he remains remembered as one of the distinguished aces of Jagdgeschwader 53.

Leutnant Wilhelm Crinius (1920-1997) was born on 2 December 1920 in Hohenhausen in Kalletal and joined the Luftwaffe in January 1940 after completing basic training, becoming a fighter pilot and being posted in February 1942 to 3./Jagdgeschwader 53. Initially operating from Sicily against Malta without recorded victories, he transferred with I./Jagdgeschwader 53 to the Eastern Front, where his combat career accelerated dramatically during the summer of 1942. He claimed his first aerial victories in June and rapidly built his score, achieving the 15th on 1 August, the 25th by 25 August, and the 49th on 27 August, which also marked the 1,000th victory for I./Jagdgeschwader 53. Promoted to Feldwebel on 1 September after his 55th victory, Crinius then scored with exceptional intensity, claiming approximately 40 victories in August and another 46 between 1 and 22 September. On 22 September 1942 he reached his 100th aerial victory, becoming the 22nd Luftwaffe pilot to achieve this milestone. For this outstanding performance as Flugzeugführer in 3./Jagdgeschwader 53, Feldwebel Crinius was awarded both the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes and the Eichenlaub to the Ritterkreuz on the same day, 23 September 1942, the only German fighter pilot to receive the two decorations simultaneously, and was promoted to Leutnant. He subsequently moved with I./Jagdgeschwader 53 to Tunisia, where he claimed a further 14 victories before being shot down by a Spitfire over the sea on 13 January 1943, surviving a day in a dinghy before capture as a prisoner of war. Credited with 114 aerial victories in roughly 400 combat missions, predominantly on the Eastern Front, Crinius survived the war and later worked in private industry as a senior manager until his death on 26 April 1997 in Stuhr-Fahrenhorst.

Source :
https://alifrafikkhan.blogspot.com/2009/10/10-prajurit-third-reich-paling-tampan.html

Ritterkreuzträger with Schwimmweste (Life Jacket)

The German Schwimmweste, or life jacket, served as essential survival equipment for Wehrmacht personnel during the Second World War, particularly for Luftwaffe aircrews operating over water and Kriegsmarine sailors on surface vessels and U-boats. Early models included kapok-filled vests made of yellow cotton canvas that provided passive buoyancy, while the more advanced inflatable designs became standard for aircrew. The Luftwaffe Type 10-30 series, designated Gerät Nr. 10-30 with Anforderungszeichen Fl. 30154, consisted of rubberized yellow canvas with an internal air bladder that could be inflated by a carbon dioxide cartridge on the lower left front or by a manual oral inflation tube. Secured by webbing straps and rings at the front and a crotch strap, these vests featured a design intended to keep the wearer’s head above water and face upward. Manufacturers such as Drägerwerk of Lübeck, Klepper-Werke of Rosenheim, and Auer-Gesellschaft produced variants including the early full-back pattern and the improved B-1 and B-2 models introduced around 1940–1941, the latter replacing some metal fittings with plastic. Kriegsmarine versions followed similar principles with bright yellow rubberized fabric for visibility, often equipped with pressurized air canisters for rapid inflation and capable of maintaining buoyancy for up to twenty-four hours. These life jackets were typically ship or aircraft equipment rather than personal issue and were distributed as needed. Lessons from operations over the English Channel during the Battle of Britain led to refinements in design for better stability and reliability. Despite their effectiveness in supporting survivors until rescue, the Schwimmwesten offered limited protection against prolonged exposure, hypothermia, or distant recovery in open seas, reflecting both the technological standards of the era and the harsh realities of wartime operations over water.

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LUFTWAFFE TYPE 10-30 SCHWIMMWESTE


A rarely seen picture of Hauptmann Josef "Pips" Priller (Gruppenkommandeur III.Gruppe / Jagdgeschwader 26 "Schlageter" ). Picture taken by Rolf Schröder, III./ JG 26 Technical Officer, in the summer 1942. During this period Priller flew the Fw 190A, leading the Gruppe in operations over the English Channel and occupied France against the RAF. He scored his 70th victory on 5 May 1942 and reached 81 victories by the end of 1942. Josef "Pips" Priller, born on 27 June 1915 in Ingolstadt and who died on 20 May 1961 in Böbing following a heart attack, was one of the Luftwaffe’s most successful Western Front fighter aces, credited with 101 aerial victories in 307 combat missions, the vast majority against Supermarine Spitfires along with eleven four-engine bombers and other Allied types. After beginning military service in 1935 as a Fahnenjunker in Infanterie-Regiment 19 and completing pilot training, he rose through Jagdgeschwader 51 to become Staffelkapitän of 6. Staffel, scoring his first victories during the Battle of France before claiming his twentieth enemy aircraft, a Hawker Hurricane over Tunbridge Wells, on 17 October 1940 as Oberleutnant; this achievement brought him the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 19 October 1940. Transferred in November 1940 as Staffelkapitän of 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 26 "Schlageter", Priller enjoyed an intense scoring period over the Channel in June and July 1941, reaching his fortieth or forty-first victory around 19 July and receiving the Eichenlaub zum Ritterkreuz on 20 July 1941 while still an Oberleutnant. Appointed Gruppenkommandeur of III. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 26 "Schlageter" in December 1941 and promoted to Hauptmann, he later became Geschwaderkommodore of the entire Geschwader as Major in January 1943, continuing to lead from the front while flying first the Messerschmitt Bf 109 and later the Focke-Wulf Fw 190; on 6 June 1944 during the Normandy invasion he and his wingman Feldwebel Heinz Wodarczyk carried out one of the few Luftwaffe attacks of the day, a daring low-level strafing run against Allied troops and landing craft on Sword Beach. By the time he achieved his 100th victory, a Consolidated B-24 Liberator bomber, he had been awarded the Schwerter zum Ritterkreuz mit Eichenlaub on 2 July 1944 as Oberstleutnant and Kommodore of Jagdgeschwader 26 "Schlageter". Promoted to Oberst on 1 January 1945, he led his unit in Operation Bodenplatte before ending operational flying as Inspekteur der Jagdflieger Ost; after the war he studied brewing and successfully managed the Riegele brewery in Augsburg.

Oberstleutnant Friedrich-Karl "Tutti" Müller (1916-1944) was born on 25 December 1916 in Berlin-Lichterfelde and entered military service in 1936, transferring to the Luftwaffe where he completed fighter training and joined 8./Jagdgeschwader 53 as a Leutnant. He scored his first aerial victory on 27 May 1940 against a French Curtiss Hawk 75 during the Battle of France, claiming eight victories in that campaign before adding further successes against the Royal Air Force in the Battle of Britain. Deployed to the Eastern Front with Jagdgeschwader 53 in 1941, Müller rapidly increased his tally and was appointed Staffelkapitän of 1./Jagdgeschwader 53. In September 1942, while flying intensive operations in support of the advance toward Stalingrad, he achieved an extraordinary series of victories: four aircraft on 16 September, five on 17 September, six or seven on 18 September, and additional claims on 19 September that brought his total to 100 aerial victories. For this outstanding performance as Staffelkapitän of 1./Jagdgeschwader 53, Oberleutnant Müller was awarded the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 19 September 1942. Only four days later, on 23 September 1942, he received the Eichenlaub to the Ritterkreuz as the 126th recipient of the German armed forces, recognizing his continued success and the century mark. Promoted to Hauptmann, he later became Gruppenkommandeur of I./Jagdgeschwader 53, leading the unit in the Mediterranean and Tunisia before transferring in early 1944 to Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet," where he commanded IV./Jagdgeschwader 3 and was appointed Geschwaderkommodore of Jagdgeschwader 3 in March 1944. Credited with 140 aerial victories in more than 600 combat missions, including numerous four-engined bombers in the Defense of the Reich, Müller was killed on 29 May 1944 in a landing accident at Salzwedel while flying a Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-6 and was posthumously promoted to Oberstleutnant.

Source :
https://alifrafikkhan.blogspot.com/2011/12/album-foto-schwimmweste-jaket-pelampung.html
https://axis-militaria.com/product/ww2-german-luftwaffe-10-30-b-2-schwimmweste-pilot-life-jacket-me109-fw190/

Old and Veteran Ritterkreuzträger After the War

 KRIEGSMARINE

After the end of the Second World War in May 1945, Heinrich Bleichrodt, who had commanded the 22nd U-boat Flotilla until the German surrender, was taken into Allied captivity and held as a prisoner of war until his release on 25 September 1945. In the immediate postwar period he faced war-crimes charges connected to the September 1940 sinking of the British passenger liner SS *City of Benares*, which had been carrying evacuated children; the prosecution alleged that he had knowingly attacked a vessel transporting non-combatants, yet Bleichrodt steadfastly maintained the German wartime position that neither he nor his crew could have identified the passengers, and the case was ultimately dismissed, resulting in his acquittal. Despite the acquittal he declined to offer any apology to the survivors, in contrast to several members of his former U-48 crew who later expressed regret. Following his release he found civilian employment with the Bundeswasserstraßenamt, the Federal Waterways Authority, in Münster, where he contributed to the reconstruction and administration of Germany’s inland waterway system during the early years of the Federal Republic. Later he relocated with his family to Munich, where he worked as a factory manager and, according to some accounts, also operated a small locksmith workshop, leading a quiet private life far removed from his earlier naval career. Married since 1937 and the father of a son, Wolf Heinrich, Bleichrodt remained in Munich for the rest of his days, largely withdrawing from public attention and avoiding further involvement in naval or political affairs. He died in Munich on 9 January 1977 at the age of sixty-seven, closing a postwar existence marked by legal vindication, modest professional work in the waterways and industrial sectors, and a deliberate retreat into private life after the dramatic events of the U-boat war.

Source :
https://alifrafikkhan.blogspot.com/2014/10/foto-veteran-heer-di-masa-tua-pasca.html

Reader Ritterkreuzträger

 READING THE NOTES

Korvettenkapitän Heinrich Bleichrodt (1909-1977), known as "Ajax", was born on 21 October 1909 in Berga in the Kyffhäuser region and entered the Reichsmarine on 1 April 1933 as Fähnrich zur See, receiving successive promotions to Leutnant zur See in 1935, Oberleutnant zur See in 1937 and Kapitänleutnant in 1939 while serving on training ships and the heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper before transferring to the U-Bootwaffe. On 4 September 1940 he assumed command of the Type VIIB boat U-48 of the 7. Unterseebootsflottille and on his first Feindfahrt sank several merchant vessels as well as the British sloop HMS Dundee, culminating on 18 September 1940 in the torpedoing of the passenger liner City of Benares near Rockall with heavy loss of life. For sinking fourteen ships totalling approximately 77,500 BRT and damaging another on these early patrols he was awarded the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 24 October 1940 as Kapitänleutnant and Kommandant of U-48, an honour he initially hesitated to accept until his I. Wachoffizier Reinhard Suhren was similarly decorated. After briefly commissioning U-67 he took command of the Type IXB boat U-109 on 5 June 1941 and conducted six Feindfahrten in the Atlantic, sinking a further thirteen ships of more than 80,000 BRT. These continued successes brought his overall total to twenty-seven ships of roughly 159,000 BRT sunk and three damaged, for which he received the Eichenlaub on 23 September 1942 as the 125th recipient while still Kapitänleutnant and Kommandant of U-109. Health problems forced him to relinquish front-line command in early 1943; he then served as a tactics instructor with the 2. Unterseeboots-Ausbildungs-Division and later as Flottillenchef of the 22. Unterseebootsflottille, being promoted to Korvettenkapitän on 1 November 1943. After the war he lived quietly in West Germany and died in Munich on 9 January 1977.

Source :
https://alifrafikkhan.blogspot.com/2011/09/album-foto-membaca-nazi-jerman.html

Ritterkreuzträger with Alcohol

During the Second World War, German soldiers of the Wehrmacht consumed a variety of alcoholic beverages that ranged from officially issued rations to locally procured or captured supplies, with schnapps, beer, and wine forming the core of their drinking culture. Regulations allowed for limited distributions under specific conditions, such as a daily half-bottle of wine or beer or approximately five centilitres of Schnaps for men over eighteen when supply permitted, units were exhausted, and medical approval was granted, though these amounts were far from automatic and often irregular. Officers frequently distributed extra liquor as rewards for combat performance or to boost morale before assaults, while military canteens sold spirits that returned soldiers’ pay into the army’s economy. In occupied France, troops requisitioned or purchased vast quantities of wine, champagne, cognac, and Calvados, with estimates suggesting hundreds of thousands of bottles extracted daily at peak periods, and similar patterns occurred with Crimean wines or local spirits on the Eastern Front. Beer remained popular where available, supplemented by German brands shipped forward or captured stocks, and high-proof Schnaps was especially valued in cold climates or as a nerve tonic after battle. Front-line accounts describe sudden issues of full bottles of Schnaps as ominous signs of impending attacks, while soldiers improvised with captured barrels or constructed makeshift “wine pipelines” from hoses. Although Nazi ideology promoted restraint and Hitler himself issued stern warnings in 1940 against alcohol-related crimes, practical tolerance prevailed as long as public drunkenness did not undermine discipline. Excessive consumption nevertheless caused numerous accidents, suicides, and poisonings, with internal medical statistics recording hundreds of alcohol-related deaths and many more unreported incidents involving methyl alcohol or industrial substitutes when proper liquor ran short. Alcohol also featured in darker contexts, accompanying units engaged in occupation duties and atrocities, where it lowered inhibitions and reinforced group bonding. Overall, liquor served simultaneously as a regulated comfort, a battlefield stimulant, a form of plunder, and a recurring source of both relief and disciplinary problems throughout the Wehrmacht’s campaigns.

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CHAMPAGNE


Oberst Wolf-Dietrich Wilcke was born on 11 March 1913 in Schrimm in the Province of Posen and initially enlisted in the cavalry in 1934 before transferring to the newly formed Luftwaffe as an officer candidate the following year, completing his pilot training and serving as an instructor at the Jagdfliegerschule Werneuchen prior to a brief tour with the Legion Condor in Spain. Returning to Germany he joined Jagdgeschwader 53, rising by the outbreak of war to Hauptmann and Staffelkapitän of the 7. Staffel of III. Gruppe, scoring his first victory over a French Potez 637 on 7 November 1939 and adding further successes during the Battle of France and the Battle of Britain, where he was forced to bale out over the Channel on 13 August 1940 after engine failure yet was rescued. In the opening phase of Operation Barbarossa he claimed his twenty-fifth aerial victory and was awarded the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 6 August 1941 as Hauptmann. After a period of service in North Africa, Malta and Sicily from December 1941 to May 1942, during which he added four more victories, he returned to the Eastern Front and transferred to the Geschwaderstab of Jagdgeschwader 3 “Udet,” becoming Kommodore of the Geschwader on 12 September 1942. Having achieved his one-hundredth victory on 6 September he received the Eichenlaub on 9 September 1942 as Hauptmann, and on 17 December 1942, during the fighting over Stalingrad, he became the fourth fighter pilot to reach one hundred and fifty victories. For a total of one hundred and fifty-five confirmed aerial victories he was awarded the Schwerter on 23 December 1942 as Major and Kommodore of Jagdgeschwader 3 “Udet.” Although officially grounded from further operational flying after the award of the Schwerter, he continued to fly combat missions in the Defence of the Reich and on 23 March 1944, after claiming his one-hundred-and-sixty-second and final victory, a Boeing B-17 and a North American P-51 Mustang, he was himself shot down near Schöppenstedt by American Mustang fighters and killed in the ensuing crash, having flown seven hundred and thirty-two combat sorties and attained one hundred and sixty-two confirmed victories, twenty-five of them in the West including four four-engined bombers.



Leutnant Hugo Broch (Flugzeugführer in 8.Staffel / III.Gruppe / Jagdgeschwader 54) chugging a Pommery champagne while his comrades cheers. The Ritterkreuzträger at left is Leutnant Hermann Schleinhege (Staffelkapitän 8.Staffel / III.Gruppe / Jagdgeschwader 54). The picture was taken at Cirava, Courland, in March 1945 during the Ritterkreuz award ceremony for ace pilot Broch, awarded for 79 air victories. During the German occupation of France from 1940 to 1944, Pommery Champagne, the renowned house founded in Reims in 1836 and famous for pioneering brut-style Champagne in the nineteenth century, became a significant commodity requisitioned and consumed by the Wehrmacht, Luftwaffe officers, and Nazi authorities as a luxury item for celebrations, morale boosting, diplomatic gifts, and personal collections. Following the rapid fall of France, the Champagne region fell under direct German control, and occupation officials led by Otto Klaebisch, nicknamed the “Champagne Führer,” established strict levies and purchasing quotas that forced major producers including Pommery to supply hundreds of thousands of bottles monthly, with demands reaching as high as 400,000 bottles per week shipped back to Germany for use by German troops and high command. Pommery continued limited production under severe constraints including labor shortages from French men in prisoner-of-war camps or forced labor, material scarcities, and heavy taxation paid partly in Champagne itself, yet the house was compelled to deliver both standard cuvées and finer vintages to satisfy the occupiers’ appetite, mirroring the experience of other grandes marques while some producers subtly resisted by reserving top stocks or providing inferior lots when possible. Vast quantities of Pommery and other Champagnes were enjoyed by German officers in occupied Paris and Reims for lavish parties and brothels, shipped eastward for Hitler’s own collection of over half a million bottles displayed at sites like the Eagle’s Nest, and used as currency or bribes in the broader exploitation of French resources, highlighting how the sparkling wine served both as a prized indulgence and a tool of economic extraction during the war. After the Allied liberation of the region in 1944, Pommery quickly recovered and rebuilt its cellars and reputation, emerging as a symbol of resilience in the Champagne industry that had endured systematic plunder and control by the Germans throughout the conflict.

Source :
https://alifrafikkhan.blogspot.com/2011/04/album-foto-bir-dan-acara-minum-minum.html

Ritterkreuzträger with Leistungsabzeichen der Hitlerjugend (Hitler Youth Proficiency Badge)

The Leistungsabzeichen der Hitlerjugend, or Hitler Youth Proficiency Badge, was instituted on 1 June 1934 by Reichsjugendführer Baldur von Schirach to promote physical fitness, fieldcraft and ideological commitment among male members of the Hitlerjugend. It aimed to foster a martial spirit and readiness for duty, requiring recipients to attend at least eight Heimabende of political schooling in addition to practical tests. The award was graded by age: Eisen for fifteen-year-olds, Bronze for sixteen-year-olds and Silber for those of seventeen and older, with the conditions deliberately set so that any diligent Hitlerjunge could succeed. Tests covered three groups of skills: Leibesübungen such as running, jumping, swimming and gymnastics; Ziel- und Marschübungen including small-calibre shooting and route marching; and Geländesport involving map reading, camouflage, reporting and fieldcraft. For members of the Marine-Hitlerjugend, seafaring tasks replaced the land-based field exercises. Successful candidates recorded their results in a Leistungsbuch and received a numbered badge depicting a large Tiwaz rune overlaid with a swastika within a ring inscribed “Für Leistungen in der HJ” in runic-style lettering, worn on the left breast pocket. By the end of 1943 more than 103,000 bronze and 217,000 silver badges had been awarded, making it one of the most widely distributed Hitlerjugend decorations.

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HEER

Unteroffizier Heinrich Hendricks (1923-1943) was born on 4 April 1923 in Oppum near Krefeld, Germany, and served during the Second World War as an Unteroffizier in the 9./Panzer-Regiment 33 of the Heer. As a skilled tank crewman he distinguished himself through repeated successes against superior Soviet armoured forces on the Eastern Front. One notable action occurred when a Russian force of fifteen tanks attacked a German-held village defended solely by his own panzer; he destroyed five of the attackers, the final one at a range of only five metres. Two weeks later, while serving with Kampfgruppe Kohler (comprising four Panzers, two Sturmgeschütze and roughly eighty infantry) and providing security on the left flank, he encountered about twenty Soviet tanks in a depression and within three minutes destroyed six tanks, two Pak and one Pak-Flak gun. In the ensuing battle the Soviets lost twenty tanks and over a thousand men, allowing the Kampfgruppe to retake the recently lost village. By the end of October 1943 Hendricks had accounted for a total of thirty-eight enemy tanks destroyed. For these outstanding achievements as a tank gunner he was awarded the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 26 March 1943. He continued to serve with his unit until he was killed in action on 25 November 1943 near Dnepropetrovsk in the USSR, at the age of only twenty.

Source :
https://alifrafikkhan.blogspot.com/2013/02/album-foto-tokoh-third-reich-peraih.html

Ritterkreuzträger in Generalstabsoffizier (General Staff Officer) Uniform

The uniform of a Wehrmacht Generalstabsoffizier was based on the standard officer’s field-grey tunic and breeches but distinguished by specific insignia of the Generalstab. Officers of the Generalstab, ranging from Hauptmann im Generalstab to Oberst im Generalstab, wore distinctive collar patches known as alt-Preußische Litzen or Kolbenstickerei, consisting of elaborate silver embroidery in the old Prussian style on a carmine-red (karmesinrot) backing for dress and service uniforms. These Litzen differed from the ordinary officer’s double bars by their more intricate lobe-shaped design and required no additional coloured Litzenspiegel. The shoulder straps followed the usual rank construction of silver cord but rested on a carmine underlay instead of the normal Waffenfarbe of a combat branch. Trousers and breeches featured carmine lampassen, narrow double stripes running down the outer seams, matching the colour of the collar patches. Headgear was the standard officers’ Schirmmütze or Feldmütze with silver piping, while the national eagle was worn in aluminium thread above the right breast pocket. Officers assigned to the OKH, OKW or Kriegsakademie originally wore gold rather than silver Litzen until this distinction was abolished in November 1942. The field tunic was of superior private-purchase quality with turned-back cuffs, and the ensemble was completed by a brown leather Sam-Browne belt, map case and sidearm. In full dress the same insignia appeared on the Waffenrock, emphasising the elite status of the carefully selected and Kriegsakademie-trained Generalstabsoffiziere within the Heer.

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HEER

Major im Generalstab Gerhard Peter (1915-1998) was a highly capable German Heer officer whose leadership in combat engineering and combined-arms operations during the early phases of Operation Barbarossa earned him the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes. Born in Berlin-Oberschöneweide, Peter served as Oberleutnant and Chef, 3. Kompanie, Panzer-Pionier-Bataillon 16 of the 16. Panzer-Division. During the heavy fighting around Nikolajew from 13 to 17 August 1941, he distinguished himself by holding the south flank of the division against strong Soviet attacks, successfully counterattacking enemy columns that had broken through, and actively participating in the advance of the Panzer-Regiment that led to the capture of this vital Black Sea port city. On 30 September 1941, he further demonstrated initiative by leading an energetic attack with an armoured train eastward from Nowomoskowsk; despite advancing with most friendly riflemen left behind, he seized the Miskowo train station after fierce combat and executed a timely railway demolition to halt an approaching enemy armoured train. These actions exemplified bold tactical leadership, resourcefulness under pressure, and effective integration of pioneer capabilities with armoured and infantry elements, resulting in his award of the Ritterkreuz on 15 November 1941. Peter continued his career, rising to the rank of Major im Generalstab, and passed away in Lehrte near Hanover at the age of 83.

Source :
https://alifrafikkhan.blogspot.com/2022/08/kragenspiegel-generalstabsoffizier.html

Ritterkreuzträger with Kehlkopfmikrofon (Throat Microphone)

The German Kehlkopfmikrofon, or throat microphone, was a vital contact microphone used extensively by Wehrmacht and Luftwaffe personnel during the Second World War to enable clear voice communication in extremely noisy environments such as tank interiors and aircraft cockpits. Unlike conventional air microphones, it detected vibrations directly from the larynx through dual sensors pressed against the sides of the wearer’s throat, thereby filtering out engine roar, gunfire and wind noise while leaving the hands free for other tasks. Early models such as the Kmf.2 and Kmf.4 appeared around 1935–1936 for use with Torn.Fu. radios and early Panzer crews; these were largely recalled and upgraded by 1938. The most common wartime variants were the Kmf.a, Kmf.b and the simplified late-war Kmf.c, each consisting of two roughly 30 mm bakelite capsules mounted on a leather-wrapped spring-steel neckband, connected by fabric-covered cables to a bakelite control box marked “E” for Empfang and “S” for Senden, and terminating in a two- or three-prong plug that interfaced with intercom systems such as the Panzerkasten 20 or aircraft radio sets. Panzer crews of the 13. Panzer-Division and other armoured units relied on these microphones together with Dfh.b or Dfh.d headsets to coordinate movement, gunnery and radio traffic inside vehicles where normal speech was impossible. Luftwaffe aircrew, including bomber and fighter pilots, employed similar Kehlkopfmikrofone integrated into flying helmets or oxygen-mask assemblies, often designated L 38114. Although speech quality suffered from poor reproduction of sibilants, the devices proved indispensable for command and control under combat conditions and remained in service until 1945.

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HEER


Oberstleutnant Herbert Gomille (1913-2009) was born on 15 August 1913 in Waldmohr in Bavaria, Germany, and later served as an officer in the Heer during the Second World War. He began his career with Panzer-Regiment 4 of the 13. Panzer-Division and was promoted to Hauptmann on 1 April 1941. On 14 April 1942 he assumed command of the II. Abteilung of Panzer-Regiment 4. For earlier successes he received the Eisernes Kreuz 2. Klasse on 29 September 1939, the Eisernes Kreuz 1. Klasse on 23 May 1940, and the Deutsches Kreuz in Gold on 14 February 1942 while leading the 5. Kompanie. In September 1942, while his Abteilung operated in the sector of the 111. Infanterie-Division east of Malgobek, it destroyed forty-six enemy tanks and one artillery piece, captured ten mortars and various vehicles, and played a major role in holding the German bridgehead at Mosdok. For these achievements Gomille was awarded the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 25 October 1942 as Hauptmann and Kommandeur of the II. Abteilung, Panzer-Regiment 4. He was promoted to Major on 1 February 1943 and subsequently served in the Führerreserve OKH, at the Panzertruppenschule Wünsdorf, as Kommandeur of the III. Abteilung of Panzer-Regiment Großdeutschland, and as Inspekteur der Panzertruppen. After the war he lived in Switzerland, where he died on 18 May 2009 in Arlesheim in the canton of Basel-Country at the age of ninety-five.

Source :
https://alifrafikkhan.blogspot.com/2012/08/album-foto-kehlkopfmikrofon-mikrofon.html