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Sunday, May 2, 2021

Bio of Maximilian von Weichs


Maximilian Maria Joseph Karl Gabriel Lamoral Reichsfreiherr von und zu Weichs an der Glon (12 November 1881 – 27 September 1954) was born in 1881 into an aristocratic family, Maximilian von Weichs entered the Bavarian Cavalry in 1900 and participated in World War I as a staff officer. After the war he remained in the newly created Reichswehr where he worked at a number of General Staff positions.

Transferred from the 3rd Cavalry Division to command Germany's 1st Panzer Division upon its formation in October 1935, he led the unit in maneuvers that impressed Army Commander in Chief Werner von Fritsch. Weichs' aristocratic and cavalry credentials demonstrated the continuing influence of these military elites in Germany's modernizing force. In October 1937 he became the commander of the 13th Army Corps, that later served in the 1938 German annexation of the Sudetenland.

To prepare for the German invasion of Poland beginning World War II in 1939, Weichs was appointed head of his own Army Corps "Weichs". After the Polish surrender, he was made Commander-in-Chief of the 2nd Army, a part of Rundstedt's Army Group A in the West. After the Battle of France, he was awarded the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes (Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross) and promoted to colonel-general. Leading his army, Weichs later took part in the Balkans Campaign, and in preparation for Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, he was assigned to lead the 2nd Army as a part of Fedor von Bock’s Army Group Centre. He led the 2nd Army in 1941 through the Battle of Kiev, the Battle of Smolensk, and then on to Vyazma and Bryansk.

In 1942, for Fall Blau, Weichs was assigned to lead the newly created Army Group B. Army Group B was composed of Salmuth's 2nd Army, Hoth’s 4th Panzer Army, and Paulus's 6th Army. In addition to the German armies, Army Group B included the 2nd Hungarian Army, 8th Italian Army, the Third and the Fourth Romanian Armies. The 6th Army was assigned to take the city of Stalingrad and cover approximately 800 km of front.

The Soviet Operation Uranus broke through the Romanian armies on his flanks, cutting off the 6th Army inside Stalingrad. Suggesting retreat, Weichs fell out of Hitler’s favor. Consequently, parts of Army Group B were taken away from the command of Weichs and incorporated into a new "Army Group Don", led by Manstein. Later in February, the remaining part merged with the Don Group into a newly reinstated Army Group South, also led by Manstein. Weichs was relieved of command.

Weichs was promoted to Field Marshal on 1 February 1943. In August 1943 Weichs was appointed Commander of Army Group F in the Balkans directing operations against local partisan groups. Since August 1943 Weichs was also OB Südost, commander-in-chief of the German occupied Greece and the Balkans (Yugoslavia, Albania and Thrace) whose headquarters were first in Belgrade and since 5 October 1944 in Vukovar. In April 1944 Weichs was appointed to the position of commander of all German troops stationed in Hungary. In late 1944, he oversaw the German retreat from Greece and most of Yugoslavia.

Weichs was retired on 25 March 1945 and was arrested by American troops in May. During the Nuremberg Trials, Weichs was said to be implicated in war crimes committed while suppressing the partisans. He was removed from the US Army's Hostages Trial for medical reasons without having been judged or sentenced.

Promotions:
15.07.1900 Fahnenjunker
12.03.1902 Leutnant
00.00.190_ Oberleutnant
00.00.1914 Rittmeister
01.02.1921 Major
01.02.1928 Oberstleutnant
01.11.1930 Oberst
01.04.1933 Generalmajor
01.04.1935 Generalleutnant
01.10.1936 General der Kavallerie
19.07.1940 Generaloberst
01.02.1943 Generalfeldmarschall

Decorations & Awards:
05.02.1945 Eichenlaub zum Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes (731.) as Generalfeldmarschall and OB Südost, Southeastern Front
29.06.1940 Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes as General der Kavallerie and OB 2.Armee, Western Campaign
29.09.1939 1939 Spange zum 1914 Eisernes Kreuz I. Klasse
18.09.1939 1939 Spange zum 1914 Eisernes Kreuz II. Klasse
12.11.1915 1914 Eisernes Kreuz I. Klasse
20.09.1914 1914 Eisernes Kreuz II. Klasse
00.00.191_ Kgl. Bayer. Militär-Verdienstorden IV Klasse mit Schwertern
00.00.19__ Kgl. Bayer. Dienstauszeichnungskreuz II Klasse
00.00.1942 Medaille “Winterschlacht im Osten 1941/1942”
11.04.1941; 07.08.1941; 23.09.1941; 18.10.1941; 19.10.1941; 10.09.1943; 19.01.1944 Mentioned in the Wehrmachtbericht
ca. 1934 Ehrenkreuz für Frontkämpfer
00.00.19__ Spange "Prager Burg" zur Medaille zur Erinnerung an den 1. Oktober 1938
00.00.19__ Medaille zur Erinnerung an den 1. Oktober 1938
00.00.193_ Wehrmacht-Dienstauszeichnung I. Klasse


Source :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximilian_von_Weichs
https://www.oocities.org/~orion47/WEHRMACHT/HEER/Generalfeldmarschall/WEICHS_MAXIMILIAN.html

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